• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Modular photovoltaic solar inverter. The present invention relates to a modular photovoltaic solar inverter in which its improved topology reduces the dimensions, weight and maintenance cost, and improves its safety and cooling system compared to the previously known topologies. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2730451A1
    申请号:ES201830455
    申请日:2018-05-09
    公开日:2019-11-11
    发明作者:Lerma Antonio Poveda；Lillo Abelardo Salvo；Lillo David Salvo
    申请人:Power Electronics S L；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002]
    [0003]
    [0004] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    [0005]
    [0006] The object of the present invention is a modular photovoltaic solar inverter where its improved topology reduces the dimensions, weight and maintenance cost, and improves its safety and cooling system compared to the topologies known until now.
    [0007]
    [0008] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0009]
    [0010] Currently, the so-called photovoltaic inverters have at least one module that converts direct current (DC) that comes from photovoltaic panels to alternating current (AC).
    [0011]
    [0012] Each of the modules of the photovoltaic solar inverters comprises a power cell, which generally includes a capacitor bus, a converter bridge and a sinusoidal filter, which connects the equipment to the network and reduces high frequency harmonics. These sinusoidal filters provide a sinusoidal voltage of the same characteristics as the network, and also provide harmonic filtration and low distortion of the mains current. The most commonly used sinusoidal filters are the LCL type filters, whose main advantage over the L type filters is that they can achieve superior filtration quality with a lower equivalent inductance.
    [0013]
    [0014] The inductances of the LCL filter are the components that occupy the most physical space of the photovoltaic inverter and that substantially increase the weight of the module and the equipment. For guidance, an inductance of an LCL filter has the dimensions and weight indicated below: a width of 640 mm, a depth of 400 mm, a height of 800 mm, and a weight of 525 kg.
    [0015]
    [0016] In the state of the art, modular photovoltaic inverters implement as many filters as modules. Taking into account this data, the indicative dimensions of a common solar inverter with 6 modules would be the following: a width of 5,175 mm, a depth of 945 mm, a height of 2,200 mm, and a weight of 4,600 kg.
    [0017] In order to solve these problems, different topologies of power converters have been studied, for example WO2014004961A1 describes a modular system configured to be connected to an AC network. This system comprises a DC / DC converter linked to each PV string or set of photovoltaic cells, a DC bus, two inverters for each DC / DC converter connected to the DC bus and to the DC converter and a frequency transformer linked to the net. More specifically, the conversion topology of this document is based on linking every two investors in a group, so that one of the group's investors is linked to the network by means of a star-triangle transformer and the other inverter by means of a triangle transformer. triangle. In this way the harmonics are eliminated and the use of a filter is not necessary since the transformer would be carried out the filtering tasks.
    [0018]
    [0019] In spite of this, these systems are still large and difficult to configure because they incorporate frequency transformers that increase the dimensions and weight of the inverter and present difficulties in carrying out the installation and maintenance tasks. In addition, if these equipments are not properly refrigerated they can present a greater number of failures due to overheating and a lower conversion efficiency. On the other hand, due to its large size and complexity, maintenance tasks have to be done "in-situ" by specialized technicians, which implies shutdowns in the generation and therefore a great loss of energy generated by the photovoltaic panels .
    [0020]
    [0021] Additionally, these current systems have a low voltage output and because of this, when they are used in large installations that are generally located in remote places and therefore need medium voltage output, they require the additional use of a medium transformer. voltage with its respective associated medium voltage cabinet.
    [0022]
    [0023] This medium voltage transformer increases the size and complexity in the installation of the assembly. As an example, a set of a 6-module inverter and a transformer has orientative dimensions of 690 mm long, 2,340 mm high and 2,235 mm wide, with an approximate weight of 6tm.
    [0024]
    [0025] The present invention solves all the above drawbacks.
    [0026] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0027]
    [0028] The present invention describes a modular photovoltaic solar inverter comprising:
    [0029] - a plurality of power modules that convert a direct current (DC) to an alternating current (AC),
    [0030] - a DC bus that connects all the inputs of the power modules to a photovoltaic field through a connection / disconnection device, where each power module in turn comprises a power cell and a filtering module linked to an output of the power cell to adapt the electrical characteristics of the alternating current (AC),
    [0031] - an alternating current (AC) bus that connects the output of each power module to the mains,
    [0032] where:
    [0033] - the power modules are configured forming groups of two power modules facing each other, and each group of two power modules is linked in parallel with the other groups of two power modules.
    [0034]
    [0035] Optionally, the modular photovoltaic solar inverter further comprises a transformation module arranged between the alternating current (AC) bus and the power grid.
    [0036]
    [0037] Optionally, the modular photovoltaic solar inverter further comprises a cooling module configured to reduce the temperature of at least the power modules and / or the transformation module.
    [0038]
    [0039] Optionally, the modular photovoltaic solar inverter also comprises a container where at least power modules, the filtering modules, the transformation module and the cooling module are integrated.
    [0040]
    [0041] Preferably, the container comprises a first and second watertight compartments that separate at least the power modules from the transformation module, and are configured to protect the modules from rain and to allow temporary access to the modules by a plurality of doors .
    [0042]
    [0043] Preferably, the cooling module comprises a first and second independent ventilation circuits arranged respectively in the first and second watertight compartment.
    [0044] More specifically, each ventilation circuit comprises:
    [0045] - a centrifugal fan configured to drive pre-filtered air from the base of the container,
    [0046] - at least one pipeline, installed in the compartment base and linked to its centrifugal fan,
    [0047] - extraction slots, installed on the roof of the compartment that allow pre-filtered air to circulate from the base of the compartment to the outside and cool at least the power modules and the transformation module.
    [0048]
    [0049] Optionally, when the power grid is medium voltage, the modular photovoltaic solar inverter transformation module is a medium voltage transformation module connected between the alternating current (AC) bus and the power grid, where the transformation module comprises a output that is configured to connect to the medium voltage power grid.
    [0050]
    [0051] Preferably, the filtering module is an LLC filter. More specifically, the LLC filter comprises:
    [0052] - a first inductance for each output phase of each power module, where the first inductances of each group of two power modules are coupled to each other in their respective phases,
    [0053] - a capacitor connected in parallel with the first inductances, and - a second inductance connected in series with the capacitor.
    [0054]
    [0055] Additionally, the photovoltaic solar inverter comprises an extraction module that can be coupled to a frame of at least one of the container doors that gives access to one of the power modules, where the extraction module is configured so that a single operator can extract and replace the entire power module when it is damaged.
    [0056]
    [0057] Thus, the present invention, by reducing the size of the filtering module and reducing the number of components, reduces the size of the solar inverter compared to the prior art; and with the configuration of the power modules, it generates some paths that allow the passage of air from the cooling module, obtaining a Modular photovoltaic solar inverter that improves the dimensions, weight, maintenance, cooling and safety with respect to those known so far.
    [0058]
    [0059] DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0060]
    [0061] To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
    [0062]
    [0063] Figure 1.- Shows a schematic view of a solar inverter according to the state of the art.
    [0064]
    [0065] Figure 2.- Shows a schematic view of the modular photovoltaic solar inverter of the present invention.
    [0066]
    [0067] Figure 3. - Shows a perspective view of the modular photovoltaic solar inverter of the present invention.
    [0068]
    [0069] Figures 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D.- They show paths in perspective view of the extraction module being extracted from the modular photovoltaic solar inverter of the present invention in two stages of said extraction.
    [0070]
    [0071] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0072]
    [0073] In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figures 2, 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D, the modular photovoltaic solar inverter (1) is arranged in a container (10), where the modular photovoltaic solar inverter (1) in turn it comprises: a plurality of power modules (2), each of which comprises a power cell (6) and a filtering module (3). The modular photovoltaic solar inverter (1) also includes a cooling module (4) and a transformation module (5).
    [0074]
    [0075] The container (10), which comprises a first and a second sealed compartment preferably with a degree of protection IP54 / IP65 separating the power modules (2) from the transformation module (5), is configured to protect the modules (2, 3, 4, 5) of rain and high and low temperatures (typically between 35 ° C and 60 ° C. Additionally, the container (10) comprises a plurality of doors to allow temporary access to the different modules (2, 3, 4, 5), support structures configured to support and guide the power modules (2) horizontally and first and second hooks to allow the coupling of an extraction module (12).
    [0076]
    [0077] Specifically, the plurality of power modules (2) comprises two power cells (6) configured to convert direct current (DC) from photovoltaic panels to a modulated alternating current (AC) (PWM). More specifically, the two power cells (6) are facing each other, and linked in parallel with the next power module (2).
    [0078]
    [0079] Additionally, as shown in Figures 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D, each power inverter (6) comprises two input plates (7A) configured to connect to the continuous bus produced by the photovoltaic panels and three power plates. output (7B) connected to the alternating bus. Also on its side each power cell (6) comprises a groove configured to be coupled with the support structures of the container (10) and in case of extraction / introduction with guiding elements, each power cell being thus ( 6) installable and removable assisted by these elements and therefore achievable by a single operator.
    [0080]
    [0081] Preferably, these plates (7A, 7B) are configured to be linked to the power module (2) in a removable manner, for example by using screws, without the need for any other electrical connection or mechanical fastening.
    [0082]
    [0083] On the other hand, the filtering module (3) is an LLC filter comprising:
    [0084] - a first inductance for each output phase of each power module, where the first inductances of each group of two power modules (2) are coupled to each other in their respective phases,
    [0085] - a capacitor connected in parallel with the first inductances, and - a second inductance connected in series with the capacitor.
    [0086]
    [0087] Preferably, the input of the transformation module (5) is linked to the output of the LLC filter and the output of the transformation module (5) is configured to connect to the mains.
    [0088] On the other hand, the cooling module (4), as shown in Figures 3 and 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D, is configured to reduce the temperature of the power modules (2) and the transformation module ( 5) and comprises of a first and a second ventilation circuit independent of each other, and wherein each of them comprises:
    [0089] - a centrifugal fan (8) configured to drive pre-filtered air from the base of the container (10),
    [0090] - at least one pipe (9), installed in the compartment base and linked to its centrifugal fan (8),
    [0091] - extraction slots (11), installed on the roof of the compartment that allow pre-filtered air to circulate from the base of the compartment to the outside and cool the power modules (2) through the first circuit and through the second circuit the transformation module (5).
    [0092]
    [0093] Finally, as shown in Figures 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D, the solar inverter comprises an extraction module (12) attachable in a door of the container (10) that gives access to one of the power modules ( two). Specifically, this extraction module (12) is configured so that a single operator can extract and replace the entire power cell (6), by coupling / uncoupling the plates (7A, 7B) when the power cell (6) It's damaged. In this way, the time in which the solar inverter (1) is stopped for maintenance reasons is reduced.
    [0094]
    [0095] More specifically, as shown in Figures 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D, the extraction module (12) comprises:
    [0096] • a pulley system (15),
    [0097] • a guiding element (13) horizontally attachable with first hooks installed on the side of the container door frame (10) that gives access to the power cell (6), where once the guiding element ( 13), this is aligned with the support structures configured to support and guide the power cell horizontally (6) to allow the horizontal extraction / insertion of the power cell (6), and • a support element (14) attachable with a few second hooks installed in the upper part of the frame of the container door (10) that gives access to the power cell (6), where one where once installed is linked to the pulley system (15) that in turn is linked to the power cell (6) allowing to move vertically by a single operator the power cell (6) to extract or install.
    [0098]
    [0099] As an example, as shown in Figures 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D to change a power cell (6), the following steps are followed:
    [0100] a) open the container door (10) that gives access to the power cell (6), b) disconnect the plates (7A, 7B),
    [0101] c) place the guiding element (13) on the side of the door frame, so that it is aligned with the support structures,
    [0102] d) place support element (14) on top of the door frame, e) remove the entire power cell (6) horizontally by first following the support structures and then the guiding element (13) as and as shown in figure 4D,
    [0103] f) link the pulley system (15) with the power cell (6) and the support element (14),
    [0104] g) move the power cell (6) vertically by means of the pulley system (15) until it rests on the ground, as shown in Figure 4G,
    [0105] h) replace the power cell (6), and
    [0106] i) reverse the previous steps to install the new power cell (6).
    [0107]
    [0108] Note that due to the high weight of each power cell (6) once they have been positioned on the ground they must be moved with a hydraulic truck or similar means. Despite this, the extraction module (12) allows the entire process to be carried out by a single operator.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    1. - Modular photovoltaic solar inverter (1) comprising:
    - a plurality of power modules (2) that convert a direct current (DC) to an alternating current (AC),
    - a DC bus that connects all the inputs of the power modules (2) to a photovoltaic field through a connection / disconnection device, where each power module (2) in turn comprises a power cell (6) and a filtering module (3) linked to an output of the power cell (6) to adapt the electrical characteristics of the alternating current (AC),
    - an alternating current (AC) bus that connects the output of each power module (2) to the mains,
    characterized by:
    - the power modules (2) are configured forming groups of two power modules (2) facing each other, and each group of two power modules (2) is linked in parallel with the other groups of two power modules ( two).
    [2]
    2. - Modular photovoltaic solar inverter (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a transformation module (5) arranged between the alternating current (AC) bus and the power grid.
    [3]
    3. - Modular photovoltaic solar inverter (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a cooling module (4) configured to reduce the temperature of at least the power modules (2) and / or the transformation module (5 ).
    [4]
    4. - Modular photovoltaic solar inverter (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that it also comprises a container (10) where at least the power modules (2), the filtering modules (3), the transformation module are integrated (5) and the cooling module (4).
    [5]
    5. - Modular photovoltaic solar inverter (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the container (10) comprises a first and a second sealed compartments that separate at least the power modules (2) from the transformation module (5), and they are configured to protect the modules (2, 5) from rain and to allow temporary access to the modules (2, 5) by means of a plurality of doors.
    [6]
    6. - Modular photovoltaic solar inverter (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the cooling module (4) comprises a first and second independent ventilation circuits arranged respectively in the first and second watertight compartment.
    [7]
    7. - Modular photovoltaic solar inverter (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that each ventilation circuit comprises:
    - a centrifugal fan (8) configured to drive pre-filtered air from the base of the container (10),
    - at least one pipe (9), installed in the compartment base and linked to its centrifugal fan (8),
    - extraction slots (11), installed on the roof of the compartment that allow the pre-filtered air to circulate from the base of the compartment to the outside and cool at least the power modules (2) and the transformation module (5 ).
    [8]
    8. - Modular photovoltaic solar inverter (1) according to any of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the transformation module (5) is a medium voltage transformation module connected between the alternating current (AC) bus and the network electrical, where the transformation module (5) comprises an output that is configured to connect to the medium voltage electrical network.
    [9]
    9. - Modular photovoltaic solar inverter (1) according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the filtering module (3) is an LLC filter comprising:
    - a first inductance for each output phase of each power module (2), wherein the first inductances of each group of two power modules (2) are coupled to each other in their respective phases,
    - a capacitor connected in parallel with the first inductances, and
    - a second inductance linked in series with the capacitor.
    [10]
    10. - Modular photovoltaic solar inverter (1) according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that it also comprises an extraction module attachable to a frame of at least one of the doors of the container that gives access to one of the power modules, wherein the extraction module (12) configured to extract and replace a power module (2).
    [11]
    11.- Modular photovoltaic solar inverter (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the extraction module (12) comprises:
    • a pulley system (15),
    • a guiding element (13) horizontally attachable with first hooks installed on the side of the container door frame (10) that gives access to the power cell (6), where once the guiding element ( 13), this is aligned with the support structures configured to support and guide the power cell horizontally (6) to allow the horizontal extraction / insertion of the power cell (6), and • a support element (14) attachable with a few second hooks installed in the upper part of the container door frame (10) that gives access to the power cell (6), where once installed it is linked to the pulley system (15) which in turn It is linked to the power cell (6) allowing the power cell (6) to be removed or installed vertically to move vertically by a single operator.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2730451B2|2020-10-06|
    ES2730451A8|2019-12-02|
    EP3793337A1|2021-03-17|
    US20210234468A1|2021-07-29|
    WO2019215372A1|2019-11-14|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2014004961A1|2012-06-25|2014-01-03|University Of Central Florida Research Foundation Inc.|A modular inverter system|
    CN202713173U|2012-07-07|2013-01-30|阳光电源股份有限公司|Inverter power module|
    CN203368340U|2013-06-28|2013-12-25|中国西电电气股份有限公司|Frequency converter having detachable inverter module|
    CN103441689A|2013-09-13|2013-12-11|南车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司|Modular photovoltaic grid-connected inverter structure|
    US9627894B1|2016-04-06|2017-04-18|Solarcity Corporation|Modular solar inverter|
    KR101220230B1|2011-09-27|2013-01-09|카코뉴에너지 주식회사|Photovoltaic generation system using parallel inverter connected grid|
    GB2500196A|2012-03-12|2013-09-18|Barratt Energy Ltd|Solar power plant comprising inverter modules housed in a shipping container|
    US10615605B2|2016-09-13|2020-04-07|MidNite Solar, Inc.|System and method for orienting AC and DC backplanes for scalable modular electric devices|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201830455A|ES2730451B2|2018-05-09|2018-05-09|MODULAR PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR INVERTER|ES201830455A| ES2730451B2|2018-05-09|2018-05-09|MODULAR PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR INVERTER|
    US17/053,560| US20210234468A1|2018-05-09|2019-05-09|Modular Photovoltaic Solar Inverter|
    PCT/ES2019/070308| WO2019215372A1|2018-05-09|2019-05-09|Modular solar photovoltaic inverter|
    EP19734445.0A| EP3793337A1|2018-05-09|2019-05-09|Modular solar photovoltaic inverter|
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